Midwest Forensics Resource Center 2003 Funded Projects
Currently, many forensic laboratories are finding the interpretation
of DNA data from sexual assault cases to be a time consuming process.
The interpretation of DNA data from sexual assault cases with more than
one semen donor is becoming increasingly difficult. Current research in
the use of the Y-STR DNA analysis indicates a potential use for resolving
interpretation issues in forensic casework. Generating a population database
for Y-STR, will provide forensic laboratories with an essential tool in
evaluating DNA evidence.
Final Report
A method for determining species of origin using a PCR amplification
of a segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox
I) locus sequence will be further developed and validated. Initially and
as proof of concept, we will try to devise a multiplex PCR method for
distinguishing human, dog, cat, and horse DNA amenable to analysis in
commonly used CE-based ABI detection instruments. Second, a microplate-based
spectrofluorimetric method for quantitating human DNA in forensic specimens
will be validated. Properly validated, this method could replace currently
used Quanti-Blot, saving multiple examiner hours per specimen and increasing
throughput time.
Final Report
The increased use of explosives in terrorist activities has created a
great demand for fast and reliable methods for explosives detection. In
this project, the laboratory of Prof. David S. Hage at the University
of Nebraska in partnership with the Nebraska State Patrol Crime Lab will
develop a new explosives detection method that combines antibody-based
extraction with capillary electrophoresis. A laboratory-based system will
be created for measuring a variety of common explosives and pipe bomb
additives. In future work this system will be modified to create a field-portable
device for explosives detection.
Final Report
Aptamers (small oligonucleotide sequences) will be selected that specifically
recognize methamphetamine for the development of a highly sensitive fluorescence-based
assay. The following specific aims are proposed: 1) isolate aptamers specific
for methamphetamine and 2) characterize the isolated aptamers.
Final Report
Current DNA extraction methods require lengthy extractions and numerous sample manipulations potentially leading to inadvertently adding extraneous DNA. The current study evaluates two methods for DNA extraction. The Promega DNA IQ TM System is a “hands-on” extraction method for forensic samples, including hair and tissue, based on magnetic separation of the sample DNA from the substrate. The Qiagen BioRobot EZ1 TM System is an automated extraction system based on similar magnetic separation technology requiring minimal “hands-on” preparation utilizing reagent cartridges in an enclosed system. Both systems quickly produce high quality DNA, minimizing potential analyst error and introduction of extraneous DNA.
Six consecutively manufactured barrels from each of two firearms manufacturers
(12 barrels in all) representing the beginning, middle and end of the
rifling tool life cycle will be obtained. Two test firings through each
barrel will yield 6 pairs of bullets from each manufacturer. Striation
markings on each bullet will be scanned by two separate methods so as
to be graphically representable, and correspondingly amenable to importation
into and analysis with an appropriate computer program. Detailed intra-
and inter-bullet scoring, comparisons and statistical analysis will yield
data that attempt to approximate an objective approach to the firearms
identification process.
Final Report
Appendix to Report